When BGP is used to distribute a specific route, it can also be used to distribute an MPLS label which is mapped to that route (Labeled BGP). Label distribution can be in the BGP Update message by using the BGP-4 Multiprotocol SAFI 4. It is used to indicate that the NLRI contains a label. Recall that …
In MPLS enabled networks, packets are forwarded based on labels. These labels may be distributed by LDP, RSVP-Te of even BGP. In this post, we will not cover how these labels are exchanged but we will cover the MPLS label operations in the data plane. Basically, there are 3 operations done by MPLS routers in …
In MPLS enabled networks, packets are forwarded based on labels. These labels usually correspond to IP destination addresses like loopback addresses of nodes. The concept of downstream and upstream in MPLS networks are very important to understand label distribution with MPLS control plane and labaled data forwarding in MPLS data plane. And these concepts are usually …